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Supermatrix analyses and molecular clock rooting of Fabales: Exploring the effects of outgroup choice and long branch attraction on topology   
Yazarlar
 Deniz AYGÖREN ULUER Deniz AYGÖREN ULUER
Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Felıx Forest
Julıe A. Hawkıns
Özet
Fabales is a cosmopolitan angiosperm order that consists of four families: Leguminosae (Fabaceae), Polygalaceae, Surianaceae, and Quillajaceae. Despite the great interest in this group, a convincing phylogeny of the order is still not available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explicitly test for possible long branch attraction (LBA) problems within Fabales for the first time, and determine whether low tree stemminess and unequal branch lengths could worsen this problem. Supermatrix analysis of Fabales was carried out using previously published plastid matK, trnL, rbcL, and newly sequenced nuclear Nal regions for 678 taxa in total, including 43 outgroup taxa from families of Fabidae. We employed additional analyses, such as simulations, network analyses, sampling different outgroup taxa (random or real), removing fast evolving sites and fast evolving taxa, and molecular clock rooting, to identify both LBA and (or) rooting problems. These analyses clearly show that the Fabales phylogeny has been influenced by the sampling of outgroup taxa, but not LBA. However, network analyses show that even though it is weak, there is a consistent phylogenetic signal among the rapidly radiated Fabales families, which can be traced by further analyses. While, molecular clock rooting analysis yielded a (Leguminosae(Polygalaceae(Surianaceae+Quillajaceae))) topology with strong support for the first time here, supermatrix analyses yielded a ((Leguminosae+Polygalaceae)(Surianaceae+Quillajaceae)) with low-moderate support.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fabales | long branch attraction | molecular clock rooting | rapid radiation
Makale Türü Özgün Makale
Makale Alt Türü SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayımlanan tam makale
Dergi Adı BOTANY
Dergi ISSN 1916-2790
Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler SCI-Expanded
Dergi Grubu Q3
Makale Dili İngilizce
Basım Tarihi 04-2020
Cilt No 98
Sayı 4
Sayfalar 231 / 247
Doi Numarası 10.1139/cjb-2019-0109
Makale Linki http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2019-0109