| Yazarlar |
Serdar Ongan
Türkiye |
|
Cem Işık
Anadolu Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
Prof. Dr. Ümit BULUT
Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
|
Kemal Sahir Karakaya
Galatasaray Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
|
Rafael Alvarado
|
|
Muhammad Irfan
|
|
Munır Ahmad
|
|
Abdul Rehman
|
|
Imran Hussaın
|
| Özet |
| We investigate the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for the NAFTA countries. In this investigation, we approach this hypothesis from a different methodology and propose employing the ARMEY curve hypothesis since the mathematical-functional propositions of both hypotheses were constructed on the same inverted U-shaped relationships. Thus, for the first time, it can be interpreted that the EKC hypothesis is empirically tested through a transmission mechanism of the ARMEY curve hypothesis in a single composite model. Therefore, this approach makes our study different from all empirical studies in the relevant literature. We apply the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator to this aim. Empirical findings indicate that the ARMEY curve hypothesis was verified only for the USA. However, this new approach proposed in this study cannot test the EKC hypothesis through the ARMEY curve model for any NAFTA country since this approach requires verification of the ARMEY curve hypothesis and a significant composite model for the same NAFTA country. If our composite model was significant, it might make it possible to numerically determine a maximum real GDP per capita level that would minimize or maximize CO2 emission levels for the USA. Therefore, this study introduces-proposes this new methodology as an alternative way of testing the EKC hypothesis in the relevant literature for future empirical studies. |
| Anahtar Kelimeler |
| ARMEY curve hypothesis | EKC hypothesis | NAFTA countries | Transmission mechanism |
| Makale Türü | Özgün Makale |
| Makale Alt Türü | SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayımlanan tam makale |
| Dergi Adı | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH |
| Dergi ISSN | 0944-1344 |
| Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler | SCI-Expanded |
| Dergi Grubu | Q2 |
| Makale Dili | İngilizce |
| Basım Tarihi | 07-2022 |
| Cilt No | 29 |
| Sayı | 31 |
| Sayfalar | 46587 / 46599 |
| Doi Numarası | 10.1007/s11356-022-19106-0 |
| Makale Linki | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19106-0 |
| Atıf Sayıları | |
| WoS | 44 |
| SCOPUS | 48 |
| Google Scholar | 60 |
